REGIMES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: PROBLEMS OF REALIZATION OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE INTERESTS IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article examines the modern problems of realizing public and private interests in Ukraine, which arise in the process of managing economic resources and regulating economic activity. The complex and ambiguous process of interaction between state interests, business needs and the interests of society is analyzed, especially in the conditions of a transitional economy. The main goal is to determine effective strategies and optimal management regimes that could ensure a balance of the interests of the state, the private sector and the public, as well as contribute to the integration of these interests into the general economic policy of the country. The relevance of this topic is growing due to the increasing role of the private sector in the Ukrainian economy and the need to create new forms of state economic management, which would be oriented towards sustainable development and social justice.

Today in Ukraine there is a need for effective use of economic resources, modernization of infrastructure and attraction of foreign investments, which requires clear regulation of interaction between public and private interests. In the process of the research, a comprehensive analysis of modern mechanisms for the realization of public and private interests in the Ukrainian economy was carried out. The main approaches include public-private partnerships (PPPs) and privatization of state assets. The analysis shows the need to improve conditions for PPPs, eliminate bureaucratic obstacles, create transparent tenders and ensure efficient use of state property. It is important to take into account the experience of European countries in this aspect for the integration of more effective and fair practices.

Privatization also needs to be improved through the creation of a clear and transparent legal framework that would ensure equal access to privatization for all market participants and minimize the risks of corruption. This includes improvement of auction procedures, control over auctions and independent audit of privatization processes. During the study, the following challenges were identified: opacity in the management of state resources, problems of corruption and non-transparent tenders make management processes unreliable, which negatively affects the efficiency of the use of these resources. The uneven distribution of economic resources between the private and public sectors creates an imbalance in competition and complicates the development of medium-sized businesses. The imperfection of the legislative framework leads to legal contradictions in the economic environment.

The role of civil society in ensuring transparency and accountability in economic processes is considered separately. Improper regulation and lack of independent public control make it impossible for the market and public administration to function effectively. Non-governmental organizations and independent media can become important allies in the fight against corruption and in increasing the level of transparency in governance processes.

Taking into account the experience of European countries and the identified problems, the following recommendations can be offered: the development of an independent audit system to ensure the transparency of privatizations and PPPs, reforming the legislative framework to adapt it to European standards and eliminate legal contradictions, strengthening public control, supporting public initiatives and creating independent platforms for monitoring of state resource management processes. The results of the study show that the integration of effective public-private partnership mechanisms and public control systems can become the basis for harmonizing the interests of the state, business and society. Such approaches contribute to the sustainable development of the Ukrainian economy, improve the investment climate and ensure social justice.

The research is of strategic importance for the development of public policy aimed at creating fair and effective conditions for economic growth and stability.