CONCEPTS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF REHABILITATION IN LEGAL DOCTRINE

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive study of the concept and features of rehabilitation in the legal doctrine of Ukraine and foreign countries. Rehabilitation is seen as an important institution of justice aimed at restoring justice, protecting human rights and freedoms, and maintaining public confidence in the justice system. The article highlights the evolution of approaches to the interpretation of the essence of rehabilitation, its main functions and features in both legal and social aspects. The author emphasizes that rehabilitation is not limited to formal acquittal of a person

illegally prosecuted, but also includes public refutation of unfounded accusations, compensation for material and moral damages, and restoration of honor, dignity and reputation.

Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the current legislation of Ukraine, which, although containing basic legal guarantees of rehabilitation, has significant shortcomings. In particular, the rehabilitation procedure is characterized by complexity and formalism, lack of effective compensation mechanisms, and insuficient support for rehabilitated persons. This complicates the practical restoration of violated rights and negatively affects the level of trust in the judicial system. The article examines issues that remain insuficiently covered in scientific literature, in particular the question of public trust, mechanisms for public apologies by the state, and the need to create a comprehensive system of social and psychological assistance for victims of unlawful persecution.

The article substantiates the need to reform legislation in order to ensure real, rather than declarative, restoration of rights. Practical ways to improve the institution of rehabilitation are proposed, including expanding the grounds for its application, introducing the institution of public apology, and creating systems of psychological and social support.

Effective rehabilitation is one of the key conditions for the functioning of a state governed by the rule of law and is critical for restoring public trust in the justice system, making it a relevant topic for further research and legislative changes.