GENESIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF OLIGARCHISM IN THE WORLD: HISTORICAL AND LEGAL ASPECT

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of historical processes and the evolution of legal thought, allowing for an assessment of the role of the modern state in ensuring citizens’ rights and freedoms. The author substantiates that central government bodies must function exclusively in the interests of society, guaranteeing equal opportunities and the protection of each citizen’s rights. In a democratic legal state, manifestations of oligarchism should not exert a substantial influence on economic development and the functioning of society as a whole.

The study explores the relevance of the issue of oligarchism, taking into account the scholarly achievements of different historical periods. The prerequisites for the emergence of this phenomenon and its evolution within the socio- economic context have been identified. The analysis highlights the key issues related to the operation of oligarchic structures in modern state systems. The author suggests that further research on oligarchism will contribute to the development of effective mechanisms to counteract its negative manifestations in political, economic, and social life.

Through the lens of historical analysis, oligarchism is examined as a distinct socio-political phenomenon characterized by the concentration of power and resources in the hands of a limited group of individuals. These entities, leveraging their wealth and influence, can directly interfere in governance processes, affect legislative and executive bodies, and thereby pose a threat to democratic principles.

It has been established that the historical emergence of oligarchism is linked to the development of social and economic relations that facilitated the accumulation of capital and power in the hands of certain individuals or groups. This phenomenon has been observed across different epochs and political systems, underscoring its universality and significance for understanding contemporary socio-political processes.

Basedontheconducted theoretical and historical-legal analysis, a series of scientific proposals andrecommendations have been formulated to limit the influence of oligarchic structures on political and economic processes. The proposed conclusions are grounded in the works of leading scholars in the fields of philosophy, history, and law, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the scope of the oligarchism phenomenon and potential solutions.