MODERN STRATEGY FOR COUNTERING AGGRESSION AND PROTECTING FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL ARTS: ISSUES OF THEORY AND PRACTICE

Abstract

The study covers theoretical approaches to the restriction of human rights in emergency situations, as well as practical mechanisms for ensuring a balance between ensuring national security and compliance with international human rights standards. Particular attention is paid to determining the limits of restrictions on human rights in martial law, in particular, freedom of movement, the right to peaceful assembly, freedom of expression and other fundamental rights. The article emphasizes the importance of observing the principles of proportionality and the need for guaranteed protection from violations of rights that cannot be restricted even in emergency conditions, such as the right to life and the prohibition of torture. The practical problems of protecting human rights in conditions of active hostilities are investigated, in particular, difficulties in ensuring the rights of internally displaced persons, access to justice and humanitarian aid. The importance of effective cooperation between state bodies and human rights institutions, in particular the Commissioner for Human Rights of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, is determined. Separately, the challenges associated with information security and combating propaganda by the aggressor state, which often manipulates human rights issues to discredit Ukraine in the international arena, are studied. The article offers recommendations for improving human rights mechanisms, developing national human rights institutions, improving access to legal aid, and ensuring transparency in communication with citizens. Thus, the article provides a comprehensive understanding of strategies for countering aggression and ensuring human rights under martial law, in particular in Ukraine, and offers practical recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of human rights activities and integrating international human rights standards into national practice.