SCIENTIFIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONCEPT OF «LEGITIMATIZATION OF STATE AUTHORITY»

Abstract

The article analyzes the term "legitimation of state power" as a concept of legal science. The main theoretical approaches to its interpretation, its significance for the stability of the political system and the mechanisms that ensure the recognition and support of state power by citizens are outlined. The author of the article justifies the approach to legitimation as a key characteristic of law, which is the main components of state power without which its existence in a democratic state is impossible. Three main types of legitimation of power are considered: traditional, charismatic and rational-legal, which became the basis for further research into the phenomenon of legitimation. Three forms of legitimation of state power in a post-totalitarian society are distinguished, which gradually replace each other: a) legitimation based on the national idea, which reflects the conscious experience of the cultural and natural unity of people; b) legitimation based on the idea of ​​statehood, or the administrative-neonomenclatural model of legitimation; c) democratic legitimation. It is concluded that the constitutional principles of the legitimacy of power determine the rules of organization and functioning of both the state power itself and its interaction with civil society institutions. It is emphasized that the legitimation of state power is a complex and multifaceted process that requires constant attention to changes in public sentiment, economic conditions and international relations. It is substantiated that the main problems of the legitimation of state power in modern Ukraine are the weakness of social solidarity and the lack of an attractive model of a common future. Based on the scientific achievements of researchers on the issue of legitimacy, an attempt was made to present a systemic model of the legitimation of public authorities, consisting of the following mechanisms: constitutional legitimation; institutional legitimation; ideological legitimation; external legitimation; participatory legitimation