COMPARISON OF THE CONCEPTS "MORALITY," "TOLERANCE," AND "PATIENCE" AS LEGAL CATEGORIES

Abstract

The article outlines existing approaches to understanding of such concepts as tolerance, patience, and morality. The main features of the categories "tolerance" and " patience" are identified. A comparison of these concepts is carried out from a legal perspective. It is found that the essence of the categories of "tolerance" and "tolerance" is reduced to the same goal of their usage, namely, the conflict-free coexistence of individuals in society and the civilized resolution of issues. These two terms are used simultaneously in international legal acts. At the same time, the concept of "tolerance" is endowed with a more meaningful component. It is emphasized that the category of "tolerance" is a foreign tool for the realization of the idea of patient and indulgent attitude towards people to strengthen proclaimed human rights aimed at combating any discrimination and achieving peaceful coexistence of people in society. It is established that the category of "morality" encompasses the tolerance of relationships and tolerance of people towards each other. It is noted that the importance of the term "morality" directly follows from the Constitution of Ukraine since it is repeatedly used within its framework and is included in the content of articles of national laws in various fields of law: civil, criminal, labor, administrative, etc. The Ukrainian state focuses not only on physical and mental development but also on the moral development of children. Moreover, encroachment on "morality" is directly provided for in Chapter XII of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, and the compensation for moral damage is directly regulated by civil legislation. The conclusion is drawn that it is precisely the category of "morality" that should be applied within national legislation since it acts as a legal identifier of good and bad, which implies, unlike "tolerance," certain positive or negative responsibilities of individuals.