NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS, RELIGION AND LITERACY OF THE UKRAINIAN POPULATION OF THE UKRAINIAN FAR EASTERN REPUBLIC

Abstract

The article analyzes the widespread use of the Ukrainian language, which was characteristic of the rural
area of Zelenyi Klyn, as well as the high level of preservation of traditional Ukrainian material and spiritual culture. Due to
the special devotion of Ukrainians to traditions, folk customs, songs, fairy tales and other examples of oral creativity were
firmly preserved. Characterizing the spiritual development of Ukrainian immigrants in the Far East, along with a special
attachment to traditions, contemporaries note their special religiosity and, at the same time, a low level of writing (literacy).
The question of the Ukrainian church on Zelenyi Klyn arose after the overthrow of the tsar in Russia in 1917. After the
establishment of Soviet power and the departure of the abbot, Fr. P. Hordziyevskyi to Harbin in 1922, the Ukrainian parish in
Khabarovsk ceased to exist. At the same time, attempts to restore Ukrainian church life were made only in the early 1990s. The
creation of a national school on Zelenyi Klyn was one of the most important tasks of almost all Ukrainian organizations that
arose during this period. The first Ukrainian school in the Far East was created in the fall of 1916 by the efforts of the
Ukrainian Club in Harbin. On the territory of Zelenyi Klyn, efforts in this direction were made immediately after the
overthrow of the tsar. Thus, detachment from the ethnic homeland, regional and ethnic diversity, common socio-economic
development, close economic and marriage ties of the rural population of the Far East, in the complete absence of any
conditions for the preservation and development of the ethnic identity of Ukrainians, contributed to their ethnic assimilation.